Економічна оцінка нових сортів і перспективних форм сливи української селекції

Abstract

Goal. To make an economic assessment of new varieties and promising forms of plum of selection of L.P. Simirenko Research station of pomology of the Institute of horticulture of NAAS to determine its competitive range in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, and comparative, normative, and economic statistical research methods were used to determine economic efficiency. Field and laboratory experiments were carried out by generally accepted guidelines. Results. The results are given of research (2018–2020) in plum plantation planted in 2002 (15 varieties and 9 elite forms of plums of different maturity) for economic assessment of growing different by ripening time promising varieties and hybrid forms of plums in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that due to the lack of supply on the market of early plum varieties, the use of similar in ripening large-fruited varieties Nenka and Oda with high taste qualities of the fruit made it possible to sell them at the highest price — 20 thousand UAH/t. Stable yield and uniformity of products of these varieties create conditions for their highly profitable production (260.1–277.6%). In the group of medium-ripening varieties, the most efficient was the cultivation of Dobra and elite form 12516. However, due to the significant number of products on the market and the price level, twice lower than the group of early-ripening varieties, their profitability did not exceed 94.7%. The use of highly marketable varieties and forms (Blufri, 8124, 8143) with the latest fruit ripening time was also highly profitable (163.2–164.5%). Conclusions. Thus, the most competitive and market-attractive are early-ripening varieties Oda and Nenka, late-ripening Blufri, and elite forms 8124, 8143, in the plantations of which the profit per 1 ha was the highest and amounted to 163.2–222.0 thousand UAH.