으뜸애꽃노린재 성충에 대한 착색단고추에 등록된 농약의 저독성 및 잔류독성 평가

Abstract

화학적방제와 생물적방제를 상호보완적으로 사용하여 해충을 방제하기 위해 천적에 대한 저독성 약제와 천적의 안전방사시기를 설정하였다. 고추와 착색단고추에 등록되어 있는 52종(살충제 33종, 살균제 19종)의 살충 살균제를 충체침지처리법과 잎침지처리법으로 독성을 평가하였다. 살충제의 충체침지처리 후 애꽃노린재 성충에 대한 저독성약제는 milbemectin유제 등 14종이었으며, 잎침지처리법에 의한 저독성약제는 12종이었다. 처리한 살균제 19종은 모두 천적에 대해 저독성을 보였다. 약제살포 후 1일에 안전방사 가능한 약제는 pyraclofos, methomyl, thiodicarb, esfenvalerate bifenthrin, alpha-cyrermethrin, etofenprox, fenvalerate, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, indoxacarb등 14종이었으며, 네오니코티노이드계 농약은 잔류독성이 길게 나타났다. For the development of integrated pest management system by harmonizing biological and chemical control, some experiments were carried out to select low toxic pesticides and to evaluate residual toxicity to natural enemies. Leaf dipping method and body dipping method were set up for evaluating toxicity to minute pirate bug, Orius strigicollis adult. We had tested 52 kinds of pesticides (33 insecticides, 19 fungicides) commonly used to control greenhouse insects, mites, and disease pests to natural enemies at the recommended concentration. Fourteen insecticides by body dipping method, 12 insecticides by leaf dipping method and 19 fungicides were selected as low toxic pesticides to O. strigicollis adult. After insecticide spraying at recommending dose on the sweet pepper plant, we examined residual effect of insecticides by introducing natural enemies on different days. Safety interval for introduction of O. strigicollis adult was established according to residual toxicity of pesticides. Safety insecticides at one day after treatment were pyraclofos, methomyl, thiodicarb, esfenvalerate bifenthrin, alpha-cypermethrin, etofenprox, fenvalerate, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad, indoxacarb. However, residual toxicity of nee-nicotinoids last up to 21 days to O. strigicollis adults.