ДЕКОРАТИВНЫЕ ДЕРЕВЬЯ И КУСТАРНИКИ ПОСЕЛКА РЫБАЧЬЕ (ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНЫЙ КРЫМ)

Abstract

The results of studying the ornamental trees and shrubs in green areas of Rybachye settlement (South-Eastern Crimea) are presented. A taxonomic, biomorphological, botanical and geographical analysis of dendroflora was carried out, the frequency of species occurrence was given, and the state of plants was evaluated. Dendroflora includes 89 species belonging to 68 genera of 41 families. The best represented families are: Rosaceae (16 species), Cupressaceae and Pinaceae – 8 species each, Caprifoliaceae and Oleaceae – 5 species each. The other families include 1–3 species. The following trees and shrubs are widespread in Rybachye: Cupressus sempervirens, Hibiscus syriacus, Jasminum nudiflorum, Mahonia aquifolium, Prunus laurocerasus, Pyracantha coccinea, Rosmarinus officinalis, Viburnum tinus. Most of the species (29.2 %) come from the Mediterranean floristic region. Significant number of species (38.2 %) of natural flora of the peninsular used in cultural phytocenoses indicates that the Crimean flora has a large potential of ornamental woody plants for landscaping, taking into account their good adaptation to local soil and climatic conditions. Deciduous trees prevail in species diversity (25.8 %) in green areas of Rybachy. Deciduous shrubs (20.2%), coniferous trees (19.1%), evergreen deciduous shrubs (18.0%) grow there in practically equal percentages. They play an important ecological and aesthetic role in creating favorable comfortable environment for the settlement. The state of almost all examined trees and shrubs is good: they are quite tolerant to summer drought and periodically repeated low winter temperatures. Most of them are located on the territories of recreational complexes and, therefore, get the necessary care. The microclimate of the region makes it possible to grow some heat-loving crops here for decorative purposes (not on an industrial scale). The existing assortment of trees and shrubs can be used as a basic one.