ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗНАНЬ ПІД ЧАС ДОСУДОВОГО РОЗСЛІДУВАННЯ ШАХРАЙСТВА: КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНИЙ І КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article examines the criminal-procedural and forensic aspect of the use of special knowledge during the pre-trial investigation of fraud. It is noted that, from a practical point of view, it is advisable to divide the use of special knowledge during fraud investigation into procedural and non-procedural (organizational) forms. Among the main procedural forms is the involvement of a specialist in the conduct of procedural actions and the appointment of forensic examinations. Among the non-procedural (organizational) forms, the most effective are consultative and reference and analytical assistance of a specialist in the relevant field. Forensic examination is one of the important means of obtaining evidence during a fraud investigation. It is noted that the main forms of using special knowledge during the investigation of fraud are: the involvement of specialists in investigative (search) activities. Identification, fixation, collection of traces that may be important in criminal proceedings; appointment of forensic examinations. An expert's opinion may have evidentiary value in substance; consulting and reference assistance. Explanations of specialists who will help in establishing the truth, as well as obtaining information that can be used to appoint the necessary forensic examinations. Scientific development in the field of pretrial investigation of fraud is constantly developing, taking into account changes in the ways of committing criminal offenses and technologies. Especially in recent years, there has been an increase in interest in this direction due to the spread of digital technologies. The results of scientific research help law enforcement agencies to improve their work and respond more effectively to modern challenges in the field of combating fraud. The use of specialized knowledge in the pretrial investigation of fraud is an important component of the successful detection and counteraction of this type of criminal offense, as well as ensuring the objectivity of the investigation. The use of special knowledge combined with the professional experience and high level of competence of the investigator can significantly increase the effectiveness of the investigation and combat fraud. Key words: pretrial investigation, fraud, criminal offense, criminal proceedings, special knowledge, specialist, expert, forensic examination.