ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОНФЛІКТИЗАЦІЙНОСТІ СЕПАРАТИЗМУ В СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the peculiarities of separatist conflict in Ukraine. The author connects the appearance of each feature of the separatism conflict with the level of socio-economic, political and spiritual development at which Ukrainians were at one or another time in their history. Since the almost 200-year stay of Russian (Ukrainian) lands in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by the author (as well as mostly domestic researchers) is not seen as an invasion of a foreign horde, but as a "gathering of Russian lands" from the Tatar yoke of the Golden Horde, coinciding with interests of Ukrainians, so they did not show separatist sentiments towards Lithuanian princes. However, the subsequent socio-political changes associated with the loss of remnants of state autonomy in the Ukrainian lands during the rule of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and especially after the "reunification" of Ukraine and Russia led to not only separatist tendencies but also separatism as it is. Because after the signing of a conditionally combined series of documents called the Pereyaslav Agreement in 1654, many magnates of the Ukrainian clergy, a number of representatives of the Ukrainian nobility and Cossack officers and even part of the regiments of the Hetmanate showed separatism and refused to swear allegiance to the Moscow tsar. This step was supported by the vast majority of the Ukrainian population - the peasants, who were not sworn in at all. Ukrainians also showed frequent separatist sentiments during the Soviet era. The most obvious in this context were Ukrainian dissidents, who laid the first bricks in the foundation of Ukrainian state independence. After Ukraine's independence, the peculiarities of separatist conflict, although due to somewhat modified reasons related to the polyethnic and multi-religious composition of the country's population and total support for separatist sentiments among some Russian-speaking citizens on the part of Russia, remain unchanged. Ukraine, using for this or that kind of (secession, irredentism, enosis or devolution) separatism. The peculiarity of the use of each type of separatism in Ukraine is that they are all used with Russian utensils. It is about Russia's occupation of Crimea and ORDLO with the use of "green men" in the first case, and Russian-Ukrainian war in the second, and separatist-minded Russian-speaking Ukrainian citizens, who are called to hide Russia's true intentions on the way to its expansion into Ukraine.