ОЦІНКА СТАНУ ВОДОПРОВІДНО-КАНАЛІЗАЦІЙНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The article analyzes the condition of the water supply and sewerage system of Ukraine (WSS). The WSS is a water supply and sanitation system, including water treatment facilities and sewage systems, pumping stations, water supply sources, water body sites used for diluting and treating sewage, and other real estate. It is emphasized that at the current moment in the industry a considerable number of problems have accumulated. The critical condition of the fixed assets of WSS enterprises - the depreciation of funds exceeds 65%. High energy consumption of water production - energy intensity of production of 1 m3 of water in Ukraine is in the range 0.44 - 1.82 kWh; at the same time in Berlin - 0.27 kWh; Shanghai - 0.28 kWh). The growth of accidents at the water supply and sewerage systems. Loss of water during transportation - the indicator of water losses in urban networks remains too high and lies within the limits of 0.4-3.0 m3 / km / h, in comparison with those in Western Europe, which are 0.1-0.4 m3 / km / h.). Pollution of drinking water. Shortage of financial resources. Growth of people's debts for water supply and sewerage services: as of December 31, 2017, the population's arrears for water supply and sanitation are 1.8 billion UAH. And other problems. No less urgent problems of the water supply of Ukraine are: the imperfection of water policy in the development of water supply systems for cities and settlements; low provision of centralized water supply to the rural population; insufficient provision of water supply systems with water treatment facilities for drinking purposes; departmental fragmentation of the systems of household drinking water supply; imperfection of the methodology of planning and design of long-term development of water supply systems, populated areas; low coverage of the facilities of abstraction, supply, distribution of water and consumers; irrational use of water; lack of economic incentives for the rational use of water. The main causes that have caused such a critical situation are identified, namely: high-energy intensity and low efficiency of communal systems, significant water losses; obsolete water purification technologies; imperfection of the regulatory framework.