対流伝熱面積を考慮した平均皮膚温に関する研究 : 正座位,胡座位,横座位,立て膝位,投げ足位,側臥位,仰臥位姿勢の算出法

Abstract

In order to accurately quantify convective heat exchange between the human body and the surrounding environment, it is necessary to clarify convective heat transfer areas before calculating mean skin temperature. In other words, when determining mean skin temperature, we must only consider convective heat transfer areas. The purpose of this study is to establish a technique for calculating mean skin temperature that takes this into account. The total body surface area of six healthy subjects was measured. Non-convective heat transfer areas and areas in contact with the floor were also measured for the each of following seven common body positions : seiza sitting, cross-legged sitting, sideway sitting, both-knees-erect sitting, leg-out sitting, lateral and supine positions. The results showed that the main non-convective heat transfer areas were the armpits, areas of contact between the legs, areas of contact among the fingers and toes, and areas of contact between the hands and the body surface. When sitting on the floor with some degree of leg contact (seiza sitting, cross-legged sitting and sideway sitting positions), there were large non-convective heat transfer areas on the thighs and legs. We have proposed weighting coefficients for taking into account convective heat transfer area when calculating mean skin temperature.