Abstract
<p>The <strong><em>aim </em></strong>of the study was to investigate the total content of polyphenolic substances in Basidiomycetes carpophores from 50 species, of which 27 belong to the order <em>Polyporales</em> and 23 to the order <em>Agaricales</em>. Introduced 23 strains of 8 species of Basidiomycetes. <strong><em>Methods.</em></strong> Gathered wild carpophores dried and crushed to a particle size of 0,1 till 0,01 mm and searching strains were cultured in Erlenmeyyers flasks by surface method on standard glucose-peptone culture medium. Determination of total content of polyphenolic compounds was carried out in ethanol extracts of mycological material by a modified method of Folin-Chokalteu. Completely dry biomass of carpophores and mycelium was determined gravimetrically. <strong><em>Results.</em></strong> There was identified the species of polyporal fungi <em>Ganoderma applanatum</em>, <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em>, <em>Laetiporus sulphureus</em> and <em>Fomes fomentarius</em> and types of agarical mushrooms <em>Stropharia rugosoannulata</em>, <em>Agrocybe cylindracea</em>, <em>Tricholoma flavovirens</em>, <em>Flammulina velutipes</em>, <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> and <em>Fistulina hepatica</em> high in polyphenolic compounds. It was determined the content of polyphenols ranging from more than 60 mg / g completely dry biomass. For introduced strains established dynamics of growth and accumulation of polyphenolic compounds in the mycelium and culture filtrate during fermentation on glucose-peptone medium. All cultures reach a maximum accumulation of biomass on the 12th day of growth. <em>Shizophyllum commune</em> Sc-1101 and 10 and <em>F. velutipes </em>F-202 have been identified as the most productive strains. The lowest accumulation of absolutely dry biomass was recorded for strain <em>P. ostreatus</em> P-192 and strain <em>F. fomentarius</em> Ff-09. Cultures have investigated individual value growth such as biomass accumulation in the applied cultivation conditions, which probably reflects the suitability of the medium for their growth and genotypic characteristics. Strains are overwhelmingly able to accumulate polyphenolic compounds in both mycelium and culture fluid during the whole period of cultivation. Maximum content of polyphenols in the mycelium to 96%, and in the culture fluid - for 91% of strains coincided with the end of their term cultivation. Calculated correlation coefficient between the content of polyphenols in the mycelium and culture fluid showed that there is a very high positive correlation of 73.2%, a positive high at 17.4% and the average 4.5% of experiment data. <strong><em>Conclusion.</em></strong> The strains of species <em>Shizophyllum</em> <em>commune</em>, <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em>, <em>Fistulina hepatica</em> and <em>Laetiporus sulphureus</em> were selected for further research in order to obtain polyphenols mycelial and extracellular origin.<em></em></p> <p><em>Key words:</em> <em>polyphenols, Basidiomycetes, carpophores, mycelium, cultural filtrate</em></p>
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