성서 히브리어 명사 문장에서의 한정성에 관한 연구 : 앤더슨, 제네트, 글리너트의 이론을 중심으로

Abstract

Research on nominal sentences of Biblical Hebrew has caused many debates among Biblical Hebrew scholars through the last several decades but there are still a lot of disagreements. First of all, scholars’ different opinions are observed on the definition of ‘nominal sentence,’ and there are many other questions to be solved in connection with nominal sentences of Biblical Hebrew including word order in nominal sentences, three-component nominal sentences, copula, casus pendens, existential sentence, and the relation between nominal sentences and HYH sentences. In particular, it is quite important to identify the subject and the predicate in nominal sentences because it is essential for solving many other problems. In nominal sentences of Biblical Hebrew in which the word order is not fixed, it is very crucial to distinguish between the subject and the predicate. <BR> This study discussed definiteness as a criterion for identifying the subject and the predicate in the nominal sentences of Biblical Hebrew.<BR> This study attempted to answer a number of questions on definiteness as follows:<BR> (1) Can definiteness be a criterion for identifying the subject and the predicate in nominal sentences of Biblical Hebrew?<BR> (2) If yes, how important is the criterion of definiteness?<BR> (3) How valid is the rating of definiteness by a number of scholars suggesting definiteness as a criterion, and what is the desirable method for rating definiteness?<BR> In this study, statistical methods were used as important tools. Compared to ones based on theoretical inference, approaches based on definite data using statistical methods can come much closer to the fact.<BR> Through these statistical methods, we investigated scholars’ definiteness rating and the author’s rating in detail and drew the following conclusions:<BR> (1) It is risky to fix the rating of definiteness according to morphological structure, but still definiteness can be a useful criterion. The usefulness of the criterion appeared to be higher than the adequacy of the ‘given/new’ criterion.<BR> (2) As the significance of definiteness is connected to the context or various situations, the two criteria (definiteness and given/new information) are in correlation with each other. Between the two, definiteness can be more useful than the ‘given/new’ criterion.<BR> (3) When rating definiteness, we need to consider not only the word form but also the identity of the speaker and hearer, previous dialogs (or records) and shared knowledge between them, the situation and context in which the story is told, etc.