Abstract
Bone is often regarded as a composite material consisting of mineral particles and organic matrix of mainly Type I collagen in microscopic scale. The mechanical properties of bone tissues in macroscopic scale depend on the structural organization and properties of constituents in the microscopic scale. Raman spectroscopy is known as useful tool for the analysis of material at ultra-structural level. The aim of this study are to observe the mechanical behaviors of mineral and collagen phases in bone tissues by using Raman imaging system and to investigate the effect of structural anisotropy of cortical bone on the mechanical responses. Cortical bone of bovine femoral diaphyses were used for specimen, where the longer edges of specimens were aligned to the parallel or perpendicular to the femoral axis. Raman microscope system was used for the analysis of mechanical response of bone tissue under tensile loading by the micro-tensile device. Imaging area was 30×30 μm and measurement points were 21×21 at 1.5 μm intervals. Raman shifts of specific Raman peaks were calculated from apatite crystal and collagen molecule in bone matrix. As the results, Raman shift decreased with increasing tensile stress. It was confirmed that the Raman shift was correlated to the lattice strain of apatite crystal measured by X-ray diffraction.
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