ВЛАГООБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТЬ ПОСЕВОВ ЯРОВОГО РАПСА НА АГРОЧЕРНОЗЕМАХ КАНСКОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ

Abstract

The influence of spring rapeseed on the water regime and moisture balance of agrochernozem was studied in a field experiment under the conditions of the Kansk forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The study of the water regime of agrochernozem in the crops of spring rape was carried out on 4 test plots from May to September with an interval of 10-12 days. Soil samples were taken from the depth of 0-100 cm every 10 cm. It has been established that the water regime of agrochernozem, functioning in crops of spring rape, determined by soil conditions, biological and physiological characteristics of plants and meteorological parameters, is generally satisfactory in the meter layer. Moisture profiles of typical clayey-illuvial agrochernozem, reflecting the distribution of moisture in the soil for the period May-September, showed drying of 0-30 cm of the soil layer in the period from the beginning of stem growth to full maturation. Precipitation, which fell in the period from June to August, was completely consumed and did not replenish the soil moisture reserves, but played an important role in the formation of the crop yield. The reserves of productive moisture in the 0-20 cm layer were 9-11 mm and were assessed as poor during the period of flowering and pod formation in rape. Intensive consumption of productive moisture during the growing season occurred mainly from the 0-50 cm layer (Cv = 38%) and, to a lesser extent, from the 50-100 cm layer (Cv = 26%). Evapotranspiration moisture consumption by spring rape from the 0- 50 cm was rated at 255 mm. The average moisture consumption for the formation of 1 ton of spring rapeseed was 54 mm with a yield of 4.8 t / ha.