Нетермическое воздействие ультракоротких электрических импульсов на наноструктурированные липосомальные капсулы, находящиеся в водной диэлектрической среде.

Abstract

For the first time, new nanocomposite liposomes and vesicles with a modified structure containing functional inorganic electrically conductive nanoparticles associated with both the inner and the outer surface of the liposomal membrane were prepared. The effect of ultrashort electric field pulses with a duration of less than 10 ns and an intensity in a dielectric aqueous medium of the order of 10 kV/cm on the aqueous suspension of such nanocomposite liposomes containing an encapsulated model low molecular weight compound (NaCl) has been studied. It was found that as a result of exposure to such impulses, decapsulation and destruction of nanocomposite liposomes present in the suspension occurs, accompanied by a corresponding increase in the conductivity of the suspension. It is shown that the sensitivity of nanocomposite liposomal capsules to external electrical effects is due to the inclusion of electrically conductive nanoparticles in their structure. It was found that the effect of decapsulation of liposomal capsules is significantly higher in the case of the impact of electric field pulses on liposomal capsules with bound magnetite nanoparticles compared with the case of a similar effect on the same capsules that do not contain conducting nanoparticles. This fact determines the selectivity of the effect of electric pulses on nanocomposite membrane vesicles containing electrically conductive nanoparticles. A theoretical analysis of non-thermal interaction of nanostructured liposomal capsules containing conducting nanoparticles on the outer and inner surfaces of the membrane with ultrashort electrical pulses was carried out. A theoretical model of non-thermal interaction of nanostructured liposomal capsules with ultrashort electrical pulses is constructed. In the model under consideration, electrically conductive nanoparticles are associated with the outer and inner surfaces of membranes of nanocomposite liposomal capsules. Within the framework of the constructed model, the mechanisms of destruction of the liposomal capsule membrane are described, due to the interaction of conducting spherical nanoparticles located on opposite surfaces of the liposomal membrane resulting from the ultrashort electrical effect on aqueous suspensions of nanostructured liposomal capsules.