Филологический анализ художественного текста как средство постижения духовной силы и красоты русского слова. Предметно-дидактические аспекты

Abstract

The article is devoted to the subject-didactic concept of the academic discipline “Philological Analysis of a Literary Text” (FAKHT) in the system of professional training of Russian language teachers for a international school. The methodological basis of the concept is the linguodidactic tradition laid down in the works of Academician of the Russian Academy of Education N.M. Shansky: taking into account the various features of the mastering Russian verbal culture by speakers of other languages. The modern linguistic and educational situation in the Republic of Abkhazia, as well as other Russian-speaking enclaves of the post-Soviet space, is characterized. It is indicated that Russian classical literature is the highest and most perfect embodiment of the national linguistic personality. It is noted that the preservation and revival of the Russian world involves bringing this fact to a clear understanding of the people, as well as revealing all the spiritual power and all-humanity of the classical literature of Russia. It is emphasized that one of the main methodological foundations of the FAKHT course is the optimal combination of emotional-intuitive and rational-logical aspects of perception and understanding of a literary work. The article characterizes the three-level methodology of the FAKHT in an international audience. The explanatory power of this technique is revealed, which helps to expand the boundaries of understanding the meaning inherent in the text. The connection of the proposed technique of analysis and understanding of a literary text with the psycholinguistic theory of N.I. Zhinkin is shown, which reveals the mechanisms of mastering the code by the learners, which objectifies the meaning inherent in the literary text. At the same time, understanding is considered not only as the perception of the literary idea as a whole, but also as a stage of spiritual growth. The article presents a variant of the FAKHT course program, aimed at the Abkhazian audience.