Храмовые здания из быстровозводимых блок-модулей в сейсмически активных районах Сибири и Дальнего Востока на примере Забайкальского региона

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the issues of the spread of Orthodox churches in remote areas of Siberia and the Far East. Questions of the use of block-modular structures in religious buildings in the conditions of seismic activity of the regions of Transbaikalia and the Far East, in particular, in the Trans-Baikal region. Methods: To analyze the canonical types of temples, their planning and volumetric-compositional solutions that have become widespread in the modern Orthodox architecture of the Russian Federation. To analyze the architectural features of modern Orthodox churches built at the beginning of the XXI century in different cities of the Russian Federation, which form the image of modern Orthodox domestic architecture by using non-traditional elements. To consider the influence of various factors on the formation of the image of modern Russian Orthodox churches. To analyze the role of traditions in the modern architecture of religious buildings. To determine the main directions of development of the construction of religious buildings. To conduct a study of the features of earthquakes in the designated region over the past 70 years. To analyze the current seismic conditions of the Trans-Baikal region. To conduct a study of the typology of temples that are possible for use in the Trans-Baikal region. To analyze the possibility of application and features of block-modular buildings made of various materials. To assess the degree of their possible modern implementation in the studied remote areas of Siberia and the Far East, especially in the territory of the Trans-Baikal region. Results: The main types of temples that are historically and climatically preferable for these areas are identified; various materials for the construction of temple buildings are presented, types of blocks made of logs are proposed, as well as types of blocks in frame design as the main standard block-modular structures for prefabricated religious buildings. Practical significance: It is shown that the use of block-modular structures as the main ones for the construction of buildings in areas remote from the centers allows solving the problem of the lack of Orthodox religious buildings in the region, significantly reducing the construction time of religious buildings and ensuring their seismic stability.