ПОЯВЛЕНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ВИНОГРАДАРСТВА В НАУРСКОМ РАЙОНЕ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ

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The article is devoted to the Naur region as the main producer of grapes during the heyday of the wine-growing industry of the Chechen Re-public in the last century. Having no historical roots associated with the cultivation of grapes, this area gave a powerful impetus to the devel-opment of the sector on an industrial basis. It became the largest area of sheltered viticulture in Russia. The article shows the main stages of this process. The main factors that led to this result are analyzed. In particular, it was revealed that certain circumstances contributed to origin and development of viticulture and winemaking. First, relatively favorable soil and climatic condi-tions. The area is located in the northern part of the republic, and occupies a relatively narrow strip along the left bank of the river Terek, cap-turing the floodplain of the river and adjacent to the Tersko-Kumsky sandy massif, with poor sandy and sandy soils. Such soils are suitable for the cultivation of grapes. Secondly, the sum of active temperatures here is higher than in other regions of the republic, which makes it possible to obtain high quality products. Third, the mixed population − the Terek Cossacks and the Che-chens resettled from the mountains. They learned from each other and were employed thanks to a highly efficient and labor-intensive culture. The state correctly assessed the possibili-ties of the region and created the appropriate conditions for the development of the industry. Here, for the first time, specialized viticulture farms with wineries (wine centers) were created, which were advanced agro-industrial associa-tions. The industry was also lucky with talented specialists, production organizers, winegrowers and winemakers. Based on the study, a conclu-sion is made about the possibility of reviving the viticulture industry in the region, using historical experience.