Физико-механические свойства многокомпонентных нанокомпозитов на основе полиолефинов

Abstract

The results of a study of the effect of the various types of fillers concentration at the nanoscale level, zinc stearate, aluminum, technical carbon — on the physical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on polyolefins are presented. High density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene were used as polyolefins. In order to improve the compatibility of polyolefins with fillers, a copolymer of high density polyethylene with maleic anhydride was used as a compatibilizer. The amount of maleic anhydride in the high density polyethylene was 5.7 wt %. Investigated such properties of nanocomposites as ultimate tensile stress, tensile yield strength, elongation at break, static bending strength and Vicat heat resistance. It was found that the use of a compatibilizer contributes to a significant improvement in the main physico-mechanical characteristics of nanocomposites, which indicates the technological compatibility of the mixed components of the mixture with the polymer matrix. It was found that in the presence of fillers, the elongation at break of the nanocomposites slightly decreases. It is shown that an increase in the content of technical carbon in the polymer matrix in the presence of 5.0 wt % concentration of aluminum is accompanied by an increase in the ultimate tensile stress and yield stress during stretching of nanocomposites with a maximum at a certain ratio of the mixture components. It was found that in polyolefins characterized by a relatively high degree of crystallinity, the maximum value of the ultimate tensile stress is achieved at a lower concentration of technical carbon.