呼和浩特市不同土地利用/覆盖类型对杨树春季物候的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 呼和浩特市不同土地利用/覆盖类型对杨树春季物候的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201304120694 作者: 作者单位: 内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古大学生命科学学院,中美生态能源及可持续性科学研究中心;中美生态能源及可持续性科学研究中心;内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古大学生命科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2012CB722201）；国家自然科学基金（31060320，30970504） Variable effects of land use/cover patterns on plant spring phenology in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Author: Affiliation: Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia University,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:城市化引起土地利用方式的变化，在局地、区域以及全球尺度上对环境造成了极为深刻的影响。局地尺度上，大面积的不透水地面以及较少的植被覆盖格局已经导致城郊物候的差异。在内蒙古呼和浩特城区选取新疆杨、青杨和毛白杨作为观测树种，通过定点定株的春季物候及温度的观测，探讨城市土地利用/覆盖对植物物候的影响。结果表明：1）各物候期发生当月（即4月）的平均气温、≥5 ℃积温、最低气温与各物候期之间呈显著负相关，而日平均最高气温与各物候期之间呈显著正相关。2）在4种不同的土地利用/覆盖类型中，绿地及裸土壤面积与4-6月的月平均气温、平均最低气温及≥5 ℃积温之间呈显著负相关，不透水面面积与各温度之间呈显著正相关。3）绿地及水体面积与展叶始期呈现显著负相关，而不透水面面积与展叶始期之间呈现显著正相关。研究表明，不同的土地利用/覆盖格局下，其温度之间存在差异，土地利用/覆盖显著地影响着温度的变化，进而影响了植物的春季物候。 Abstract:Urbanization profoundly affects ecological processes across many scales. Most such effects are primarily due to land use/cover transformations. At the local scale proliferation of impervious surfaces and decreases in vegetation cover in cities have led to phenological differences between urban and rural areas. In this study, we monitored spring phenology of Populus alba L.var. pyramidalis Bunge, P. cathayana Rehd and P. tomentosa Carr. at multiple sites across the urban core and in the surrounding rural areas of Hohhot city, Inner Mongolia. Urban sites were established mainly along streets, in city parks and schools. Rural sites occupied different natural localities in suburbs characterized by significant distance from the urban core and relatively low human disturbance. Spring phenophases we monitored include leaf budburst (BL), first full leaf (L1), and unfolding of ≥ 50% leaves (LU). We simultaneously measured air temperature at each site using ThermochronDS-1921G (±1 ℃ accuracy, 0.5 ℃ precision) data loggers which collected data between late March (Day of Year (DOY) = 88) and late November(DOY= 330) during two growing seasons. Land use/cover patterns were analyzed by digitizing green spaces (including trees, manicured lawns, grasses, and agriculture), bare soil (unpaved areas), water (lakes, rivers) and pavements in the 300 m circular buffer around each site. Proportions of each cover type at each site were used as explanatory variables for observed patterns of temperature and phenology. Correlations and regression analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0. Our findings suggest the following conclusions. 1) The timing of leaf budburst (BL), first full leaf (L1) and unfolding of ≥ 50% leaves (LU) phenophases were best predicted by mean daily temperature, minimum daily temperature and Growing degree days temperature that above 5 degree centigrade (GDD5) of April prior to the initiation of each phenophase. However, the relationship between the three phenophases and maximum daily temperature of April were positively correlated; 2) Among the four land use/cover types, green spaces together with bare soil were negatively related to the mean daily temperature, GDD5, and minimum daily temperature of April to June. We found high positive correlation between paved areas and all temperature variables. 3) Green spaces together with water were negatively correlated with the first full leaf (L1) phenophase, while paved areas had positive correlations with L1. Differences in land use/cover were clearly were reinforced by distinct mean daily temperature and GDD5. We conclude that rural to urban land use/cover pattern transition in general advances spring phenophases by significantly increasing temperature, the primary environmental driver of phenology. Our study of the rapidly urbanizing area of Inner Mongolia provides important information for scientists and practitioners engaged in understanding effects of urbanization on environmental and human health. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献