Abstract
The national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Feder- ation imply the dynamic growth of small and medium-sized businesses, but its cur- rent state raises certain concerns. In these conditions, it is necessary to search and analyze new forms of work, including cluster integration. The purpose of the work is to study the potential of the cluster organization of small and medium-sized busi- nesses and analyze the features of the functioning of modern business clusters in Russia. As a result, it was found that in a number of countries there are clusters that include only small and medium-sized enterprises. Such clusters can create a single value chain and compete in the global market. At the same time, even a partial mani- festation of cluster effects has a positive effect on entrepreneurial activity. To a cer- tain extent, similar trends are taking place in Russia. However, clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises in the domestic economy are poorly studied and are rarely formalized. An analysis of Russian clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises with an institutionally fixed status showed that their creation often depends on a sub- jective factor. More often this is resorted to by non-resource regions that need new points of growth. Clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises are very unevenly distributed over the territory of Russia, and this is due to the large number of ―hid- den‖ clusters. Tourism and information technology prevail among the types of eco- nomic activities. This can be explained by the ubiquitous spread of entrepreneurial structures of the corresponding profile. The period of operation of the cluster has no statistically significant relationships with the total number of employees and the av- erage number of employees per enterprise. Consequently, further in-depth studies of the problems and features of the functioning of such clusters, including unofficial ones, are required.
Highlights
The purpose of the work is to study the potential of the cluster organization
even a partial manifestation of cluster effects has a positive effect on entrepreneurial activity
institutionally fixed status showed that their creation often depends on a subjective factor
Summary
Аннотация Национальные цели, стратегические задачи развития Российской Федерации предполагают динамичный рост малого и среднего предпринимательства, но его современное состояние вызывает определенные опасения. В этих условиях необходим поиск и анализ новых форм работы, включая кластерную интеграцию. Цель работы – исследование потенциала кластерной организации малого и среднего предпринимательства, анализ особенностей функционирования современных предпринимательских кластеров в России. В результате установлено, что в ряде стран существуют кластеры, включающие только малые и средние предприятия. Однако кластеры малых и средних предприятий в отечественной экономике слабо изучены и достаточно редко оформляются официально. Анализ российских кластеров малых и средних предприятий с институционально закрепленным статусом показал, что их создание часто зависит от субъективного фактора. Кластеры малых и средних предприятий очень неравномерно распределены по территории России, и это обусловлено большим количеством «скрытых» кластеров. Следовательно, необходимы дальнейшие более глубокие исследования проблем и особенностей функционирования таких кластеров, включая и неофициальные. Особенности формирования предпринимательских кластеров в регионах России // Научный результат.
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