試料内部の物理量の非破壊測定 白色Ｘ線回折技術の応用

Abstract

A non-destructive measuring method of physical quantities such as the X-ray diffraction peak intensity, X-ray broadening and stress distributions inside a sample is proposed. This method is based on the concept of effective X-ray penetration depth. In the case of the poly-chromatic X-ray diffraction technique, many diffraction peaks of different energies can be obtained at the same time. The X-ray linear absorption coefficient is, however, quite different depending upon the X-ray energy. Thus, the physical quantities at various depths of the sample can be easily obtained by the poly-chromatic X-ray technique.The usefulness of this technique is demonstrated here by measuring the peak intensity distribution from the fatigue fracture surface and determining the plastic zone size, the real surface X-ray peak intensity, and the peak intensity gradient. It is also confirmed that the X-ray broadening obtained by the poly-chromatic X-ray method is distinctively different for different samples, for example, the one having fatigue fracture surface and the other having brittle fracture surface.