Abstract
Introduction. The presence of comorbidities in patients with bronchial asthma can increase the frequency of attacks, lead to more severe symptoms during exacerbations, and reduce the quality of life of patients. Aim. The purpose is the evaluation of morphological and functional changes in the heart of patients with a comorbidity of bronchial asthma with the hypertension disease. Material and methods. The study included 55 patients, 4 groups were formed. The main group included 19 people with a combination of bronchial asthma with the hypertension disease. Primary comparison group was 20 people with bronchial asthma. The second comparison group consisted of 16 people with hypertension. The control group consisted of 25 healthy people. Echocardiographic parameters were studied and compared with the clinical and functional picture of the disease. The analysis of the results was performed by using methods of descriptive statistics. The correlation analysis was performed with considering the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results and discussion. In the analysis of the heart morphological and functional characteristics of patients with bronchial asthma and hypertension disease in comparison with the control groups there was an increase in the left atrium dimension and volume, right ventricular wall thickness, right ventricular outflow tract at proximal, a decrease in stroke volume and end- systolic volume with negligible changes of the ejection fraction, a decrease in the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and the interventricular septum. Conclusion. This article distinguishes the characteristics of progression of the disease, as well as suggests mechanisms of pathogenetic interaction in comorbidity of hypertension disease and bronchial asthma by assessing the main parameters of echocardiography. This method is used for the earliest detection of structural and functional changes. In patients with bronchial asthma and hypertension was pronounced morphological changes in the right parts of the heart and functional changes in the pulmonary circulation in comparison in patients with isolated disease. However, because of decrease in diastolic pressure in left parts of the heart and redistribution blood volume on the right side of the heart in the left parts of the heart are less susceptible to remodeling.
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