ВНУТРИВЕННАЯ ИНФУЗИЯ ЛИДОКАИНА В ХИРУРГИИ ТРАХЕИ

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the possibility of using intravenous infusion of lidocaine in tracheal surgery. Methods. The analysis of case histories of patients (n=19) operated on for tracheal stenosis was carried out. Depending on the perioperative analgesia, the patients were divided into two groups: the 1<sup>st</sup> group (n=9) - intravenous infusion of lidocaine; the 2<sup>nd</sup> - (n = 10) - narcotic analgesics. Tracheal resection was carried out using the cervical access. Before tracheal transection and after tracheal anastomosis was applied, protective mechanical ventilation of the lungs was performed. The stage of tracheal resection and formation of anastomosis is high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane, and after opening the tracheal lumen - with propofol 6-8 mg/kg/h. In the first group, an intravenous bolus of lidocaine 1.5 mg / kg was added to the induction, followed by a continuous infusion of 1.5 mg / kg / h during surgery. The concentration of lidocaine was determined 15 minutes after the bolus and 24 h after surgery. Hemodynamics, acid-base state, glycemia, response to the endotracheal tube, time of extubation, occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were assessed. Pain syndrome was assessed using a visual analogue scale every 15 minutes for an hour, and then every 4 hours until the end of the first day, the consumption of opioids was recorded. Results. Group 1 patients were extubated without agitation; the pressor response to extubation was less pronounced. Mean arterial pressure, blood gas composition and glycemia did not differ between these groups. There were no signs of systemic toxicity of lidocaine. Group 1 patients did not need promedol and tramadol, and the median and percentiles in group 2 patients, both for promedol and tramadol, were 60 [30; 60] and 400 [200; 400] mg, respectively. Four patients in group 2 had postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion. Intravenous infusion of lidocaineis considered to be an alternative to perioperative opioid analgesia in tracheal surgery performed from the cervical approach. What this paper adds For the first time, in the case of the impossibility and absence of the need for a thoracic epidural block the intravenous application of lidocaine for analgesic purposes in tracheal surgery was studied. It was found that the use of intravenous infusion of lidocaine reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) caused by the use of opioids, and also showed a trend toward adecreased pressor responseto the endotracheal tube upon awakening of patients.