Abstract
Background Many industrial areas of human activity cannot do without the use of natural energy resources. For fuel production oil is one of the major raw materials. Current oil production is a multi-stage complex of processes varying in their complexity. Fire-hazardous properties of substances circulating in the production processes are of particular danger in the event of accidents or fires at the enterprises, leading to a partial halt of the process of production and causing one or even several companies to stop their work. Such halt and direct losses from the fires increase indirect damage caused to the state. Of particular danger are the tank farms, as they accumulate big amount of flammable liquid. Tanks for oil and petroleum products are industrial facilities of higher fire hazard. Fires at such facilities in many cases are large and hard for localization and extinguishing. Aims and Objectives To review the existing designs of foam risers based on motor transport and analyze fire fighting using such designs. Мethods Computational methods are used to evaluate economic efficiency and assess mechanical characteristics of equipment and the effectiveness of fire-fighting using stationary extinguishing means. Results Performed calculations determined the probability of the tank wall failure depending on the time to the start of extinguishing. When mobile foam risers based at the fire depots are used, the time to the start of fire extinguishing is 14 min, and this will contribute to the tank wall failure since in practice its fire endurance under critical temperatures is 12 min only. In this case the probability of failure is 57 %. The use of stationary foam risers shortens the time to the start of fire extinguishing to 4 min, and this preserves the integrity of the tank walls. Here, the probability of failure is 13 %. Hence the use of stationary foam lifts reduces the probability of wall failure by 44 %.
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