ПРОФОРІЄНТАЦІЙНА РОБОТА В ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ ЯК ОСНОВА СОЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ ШКОЛЯРІВ

Abstract

The article deals with the peculiarities of the implementation and organization of vocational guidance work in institutions of general secondary education. The authors substantiate the necessity of conscious choice of profession even in school years. The emphasis is on economic education as a component of vocational guidance. The content, directions and structure of vocational guidance work are described. Two approaches to vocational guidance work at institutions of general secondary education and their influence on the socialization of students are considered in detail.Professional orientation in the school is regarded as an integral part of the entire educational system, but not as a sum of individual activities related to the release of students from the school. In general, it is closely connected with the process of formation of a fully developed personality, with the preparation of students for life, to work and carried out during school education.The content of vocational guidance work at school includes the following: raising interest in working professions; wide acquaintance of students with different branches of the national economy, with the most widespread mass professions; сomprehensive study of adolescents, revealing, studying and developing their interests, inclinations and abilities, as well as physical and psychological capabilities; helping schoolchildren in acquiring the skills necessary to perform various types of work; acquaintance of students with the requirements, which propose specific professions to the level of knowledge of general subjects, skills and skills, as well as the nature of the work of future specialists; consultation of students about professions, information about educational institutions in which it is possible to master the corresponding specialties; assistance to the student in assessing his abilities and qualifications in relation to a particular type of work activity in accordance with his / her inclinations; formation of an active attitude to the conscious choice of the profession; further analysis of the adaptation of school graduates in adult life, the effectiveness of pedagogical methods of influence.The result of career guidance – the choice of profession – from an economic point of view can be regarded as a solution to one of the most important economic problems – the limited labor resources. In order to “intensify” the impact of economic education on the process of vocational guidance, two approaches should be considered. Each of them is one way or another connected with the understanding and use of the economic content of the connection “profession – activity” or vice versa. Consequently, it is necessary to help schoolchildren develop a creative attitude to the cause, ability to contemplate and comprehend their actions and deeds, to critically evaluate them, to listen and to be heard, to perform certain social roles.An important role in choosing a profession is the orientation in the economic sphere of life. This is a long process in which there is a reconciliation between personal and social, between rights and responsibilities, between insignificant and important, and this process continues throughout the life and work path.