ВОПРОСЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВОДНЫМИ РЕСУРСАМИ БАССЕЙНА РЕКИ ЛАМ ВО ВЬЕТНАМЕ

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to analyze the problems and prospects of water management in the Lam River basin (Vietnam), as well as their impact on water use conditions in the provinces – Nge An and Ha Tinh. The analysis takes into account the development of irrigation, hydropower and the main trends in water management. The efficiency of water use in the Lam River basin was assessed, planning, management structure and sources of financing for water management were analyzed, as well as prospects for the development of hydropower and irrigated agriculture were considered. Up-to-date data has been collected, and the structure of water use for the river basin of the Lam River has been compiled. Recommendations on planning and management of water resources have been developed. The research applied a comprehensive integrated approach, the method of system analysis and the provisions of the concept of sustainable development, methods of expert assessments. The analysis of water use, taking into account the state of hydro-reclamation systems operation in the Lam River basin, showed that the operational capacity of irrigation facilities does not meet the requirements; water loss during irrigation is about 30%, in the household water supply losses are 25.5%. There is no master plan for the use of water sources; there is no plan and financing to replace old reservoirs and ponds for irrigation purposes. The survey of experts and the public also revealed the problem of insufficient accumulation and exchange of relevant information on the river. Management, operation and use, as well as planning of water resources in the Lam River basin have made positive changes, having a certain impact on the community. However, in order to successfully implement the transformation of water resources management from traditional to integrated, it is required that the communities in the basin overcome the shortcomings in the exploitation and use of water resources.