ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЦЕНОФЛОРЫ ГАЗОНОВ ГОРОДА УФЫ (РЕСПУБЛИКА БАШКОРТОСТАН)

Abstract

Lawns are the most important element of the modern urban landscape. They are made by planting grasses at specially prepared homogeneous plots. The coenoflora of Ufa lawns currently includes 112 species of higher plants from 90 genera and 26 families. The characteristic of coenoflora is given on the basis of the performed geobotanical descriptions. Classical floristical analysis of coenoflora is carried out for various floristic spectra: family-genus, biomorphological, horological, ecological, and phytosociological. An assessment of the economic significance of the species was also given. The adventive component of the coenoflora consisting of 29 species was analyzed individually. It accounts for 25.9 % of the total species composition. It is specified that indexes of adventization of coenoflora are relatively low in Ufa in comparison with many other coenofloras of large cities. It can be connected with nature of habitats (absence of soil cover movement and relatively dense cover of lawn grasses and, consequently, absence of soil areas not occupied by plants. Such conditions prevent growing of adventive species). Particularly aggressive invasive plant species (Erigeron annuus, Hordeum jubatum, Solidago canadensis ) are recorded in the group of adventive species. The research proves that in large cities with great disruption of vegetation cover there is an increasing necessity of arranging high-quality lawn ground covers of different types, based on the correct selection of lawn species, optimal agricultural techniques. Ongoing processes that take place in the lawn plant communities should be considered.