ВНЕШНЯЯ И ВНУТРЕННЯЯ МЕХАНИКА ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА С СИСТЕМОЙ СМЕЩЕНИЯ ЦЕНТРА МАСС

Abstract

Axisymmetric aircraft can be adversely affected by asymmetries of various types, such as mass asymmetry, aerodynamic and combinations thereof. This influence can manifest itself in off-design modes of motion, increased overloads, and trajectory deviation. On the other hand, the deliberate introduction of asymmetry, in particular mass asymmetry, can compensate for the neg-ative impact of both mass-inertial and aerodynamic asymmetries, and will also allow the creation of aerodynamic forces for spatial maneuvering. This can be implemented using the center of mass displacement system installed on board the product. The paper presents the results of a study of the motion of an aircraft with a center-of-mass displacement system. This sys-tem is implemented in the form of a balancing load fixed on a movable platform with a drive based on a mechanism with parallel kinematics of the hexapod type. The considered design generally provides 6 degrees of freedom of the balancer – three linear movements of the center of mass relative to the aircraft frame and three angles of rotation of the balancer around its center of mass. This allows displacement the center of mass of the aircraft and compensating for three centrifugal moments. A mathematical model for determining the mass-inertial characteristics of an aircraft is presented, describing the structure as a system of two sol-ids: the body is a balancer. A scheme is proposed for changing the position of the balancer to displacement the center of mass of the system and compensate for centrifugal moments. The case of a transverse displacement of the center of mass of the aircraft along the axis of the coordinate system associated with the aircraft frame according to the law, allows the aircraft to be installed in the equilibrium position at the required angle of attack is considered. The mass-inertial characteristics of the aircraft over the entire period of time of the displacement of the center of mass are determined. The inverse kinematics problem for determining the lengths of the rods of a movable platform is solved.