Региональный взгляд на проблемы развития сферы науки и инноваций

Abstract

The article discusses the trends and problems of the development of science and innovation in the regions of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to identify positive and negative factors, as well as trends and problems, in the development of science and innovation in the regions of the Russian Federation on the example of a model region. Due to the fact that the leading countries are strengthening the role of regions in the national science, technology and innovation policy, we decided to identify the most representative group of regions and consider one of the regions that is the most typical in terms of the state of the science of innovation. If we classify regions into groups of scientific, technological and innovative development, then problems, patterns and trends of development can be transposed from the private to the general within one group. One of the regions most suitable for the criteria of “catching-up leaders” is Krasnoyarsk Krai. To identify the reference points of the lag of this region from the leading regions, we compared its statistical indicators of innovation and scientific activity with the “leading” regions (Moscow, the Republic of Tatarstan, Novosibirsk Oblast, and Tomsk Oblast). During the analysis of the indicators of Krasnoyarsk Krai in comparison with the “leading” regions, we identified positive and negative trends, as well as problems, in the development of science and innovation in the region. For clarity, the indicators we selected are: the level of innovation activity, the number of scientific organizations, the share of employees in the field of scientific research, as well as the total number of expenditures in the scientific field among the regions; the relationship between these indicators was established. The research presented in the article is aimed at increasing the level of cooperation between universities, research institutes, and business, and also determines the need for a transition to “innovative rails”. The interrelation of the system of strategic development of science and innovation in the regions of Russia, focused on federal priorities and taking into account regional specifics, can solve the problems outlined in the article.