УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПОРИСТОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ И АДСОРБЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ АКТИВНЫХ УГЛЕЙ

Abstract

The article shows the possibility of improving the porous structure and adsorption properties of commercial activated carbons by e-caprolactam modifying. The use of e-caprolactam (the product of large-tonnage organic synthesis) as modifying agents can regulate directionally specific surface area and mesopore volume of activated carbons, and the conditions of modification change the chemical composition of the surface of carbon adsorbents and, consequently, their adsorption properties. The process of modifying was conducted in three phases. First: the adsorption of e-caprolactam from an aqueous solution and heating at 300 °С in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Second, the carbonization in argon at 900 °С, and three: gas-vapor activation of adsorbents obtained at 900 °С. After each stage, the parameters of porous structure on the adsorption of N2 and adsorption characteristics in relation to benzene, iodine, aqueous solutions of e-caprolactam and copper sulfate (CuSO4).During the modification of carbonized samples with an initial e-caprolactam content of 2 %, there is increase in mesopore volume up to 100 % compared to the original industrial activated carbon AG-OV-1. Depending on the stage of modification increases the adsorption: benzene at 50 %, the adsorption of iodine from aqueous solution at 20 %, e-caprolactam adsorption from aqueous solutions by more than 30 % of the copper ions (II) more than 70 %, compared with the adsorption these substances in the original coal AG-OV-1. A method of producing these modified adsorbents has no analogues abroad, is patented and can be used in the industry. The initial is possible to use a budget industrial activated carbons. Can be obtained carbon adsorbents with given structural and adsorption properties.