Исследование тягового сопротивления сеялки с модернизированными сошниками

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a study of the traction resistance of grain seeders with disc coulters with a zero angle of attack and hydrophobic furrow-forming pads. The change in the geometric dimensions of the working bodies, due to contact with the abrasive medium, is the main reason for the multiple increase in the value of traction resistance, laid down by the manufacturer. External factors affecting the increase in traction resistance of the machine are: climatic conditions in which the machine is operated, soil properties, quality of repairs and maintenance. The internal factors that cause a change in the characteristics originally set by the manufacturer are the imperfection of the design (the properties of the structural materials of the parts) and the technology of their manufacture. As the analysis of the condition of the seeding units shows, in a number of farms the discs of the sowing coulters are so worn out that their diameter is only 29-30 cm and even less, with a factory output of 35 cm. for sowing grain crops. The duration of operation of the sowing unit with factory performance depends on the properties of the soil, especially when working in difficult conditions, the loads on the working surfaces of the organs of agricultural machines increase by 1.5-3 times, and the number of failures increases sharply. The conducted studies of the modernized coulter with zero angle of attack show good performance with low traction resistance. The value of traction resistance at a stroke depth of 30 mm varied between 7-8.5 kg and 14- 16.8 kg at a coulter stroke depth of 60 mm. Which is 20-25% lower than that of serial double disc coulters.