仙台市の枠組み壁工法による戸建住宅における温熱・空気環境およびエネルギ消費量の実態調査

Abstract

The air-tightness, indoor thermal environment, air quality and energy consumption in 13 units of highly insulated detached houses of wood-frame construction in and around Sendai city were investigated during winter of 1985. The results of this investigation are as follows : (1) Air-tightness The equivalent leakage area per unit floor area of investigated houses except for 2 houses was less than 8 cm^2/m^2. (2) Indoor thermal environment In the houses with a floor heating system, the room temperature was stable due to the heat storage effect of floor concrete slab, the vertical temperature gradient in the living room was small, and the globe temperature in the living room during the heating time after supper was 1.0℃ higher at the maximum than air temperature. In the houses with an oil heater, the air temperature at the point of 110 cm above the floor level in the living room was about 20℃ during the heating time after supper and was about 10℃ in the early morning. The vertical temperature difference between the points of 110 cm and 5 cm above the floor level in the living room was 4 to 8℃ during the heating time after the supper. The ratio of the temperature difference between the heated living room and the other unheated rooms to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference was scattered in the range of 0.4 to 0.8. (3) Indoor air quality The concentrations of CO_2 and NO_2 in indoor air of houses with unvented oil heater were high. In the houses with high CO_2 concentration, the concentration of NO_2 was also high. In some houses, the equivalent leakage area per unit floor area of which was less than 6 cm^2/m^2, the concentrations of CO_2 and NO_2 were so high. (4) Energy consumption The quantity of energy consumption for all uses in the houses with an oil heater was 11 to 15 Gcal per year and that in the houses with a floor heating system was 11 to 24 Gcal per year.