浙江南部近海前肛鳗营养生态位变化研究——基于稳定同位素技术

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 浙江南部近海前肛鳗营养生态位变化研究——基于稳定同位素技术 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112073477 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（31902372，41906074）；上海海洋大学青年教师科研启动基金（210021）；温台渔业资源专项调查项目（158053） Change of trophic niche of Dysomma anguillare in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang by stable isotope analysis Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: National Natural Science Foundation of China；National Natural Science Foundation of China 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:基于2016年和2020年浙江南部近海收集的71尾前肛鳗样品，通过测定碳氮稳定同位素比值计算其营养生态位指标，对比分析前肛鳗不同发育过程、不同季节及不同年份营养生态位的差异，探究营养生态位的变动规律及对资源的利用情况。结果表明：（1）2016年和2020年前肛鳗平均δ13C值分别为（-15.19±0.31）‰、（-15.90±0.45）‰；平均δ15N值分别为（12.42±0.45）‰、（12.92±0.25）‰；（2）单因素方差分析表明，2016年前肛鳗不同发育过程δ13C值差异不显著（P>0.05），δ15N值差异显著（P<0.05），不同季节间δ13C值和δ15N值均存在显著差异（P<0.05），而2020年前肛鳗不同发育过程δ13C值和δ15N值差异均不显著（P>0.05），不同季节间δ13C值存在显著差异（P<0.05），δ15N值差异不显著（P>0.05）；（3）从个体发育来看，2016年前肛鳗有向高营养级饵料生物摄食的趋势，而2020年前肛鳗摄食特化现象不明显，但均随个体发育过程生态位宽幅逐渐减小，表明个体发育过程营养生态位会出现资源竞争共存分化现象；（4）种群营养多样性指标结果显示前肛鳗在秋、冬两季食物来源较春、夏两季更广泛，春季营养多元化程度与秋季相似，夏季营养多元化程度与冬季相似，各季节间营养生态位重叠较小，存在明显的时间分化现象；（5）2020年前肛鳗种群营养结构多样性指标相比2016年均出现不同程度的降低，两年的SEAc未发生重叠现象。由于种内种间的竞争压力，研究发现前肛鳗在个体发育过程及不同时间段都出现了营养生态位分化现象，从而达到维持物种共存、保持食物网结构稳态的目的。 Abstract:Based on 71 Dysomma anguillare samples collected in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang in 2016 and 2020, the trophic niche indexes were calculated by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio. The trophic niche in different development processes, seasons and years were compared to explore the variation pattern of trophic niche and the utilization of resources. The results showed that:(1) the average δ13C values of D. anguillare in 2016 and 2020 were (-15.19±0.31)‰ and (-15.90±0.45)‰, respectively; The average δ15N values were (12.42±0.45)‰ and (12.92±0.25)‰, respectively; The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in δ13C value (P>0.05) and δ15N value (P<0.05) at different development processes of D. anguillare in 2016. There were significant differences in δ13C value and δ15N value between different seasons (P<0.05); In 2020, there was no significant difference in δ13C value and δ15N value at different development processes of D. anguillare (P>0.05), there was significant difference in δ13C value between different seasons (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in δ15N value (P>0.05). (2) From the perspective of ontogeny, the D. anguillare had a tendency to feed on highly trophic level prey food in 2016, while the feeding specialization of D. anguillare was not obvious in 2020, but the niche width decreased gradually with ontogeny, indicating that there would be interspecific resource competition and differentiation in the ontogeny stage. (3) The results of population trophic diversity index showed that the food sources of D. anguillare in autumn and winter were more extensive than those in spring and summer. The degree of trophic diversity in spring was similar to that in autumn, and that in summer was similar to that in winter. The overlap of trophic niche among seasons was small, and there was an obvious phenomenon of time differentiation. (4) Compared with 2016, the diversity index of trophic structure of D. anguillare population in 2020 decreased to varying degrees, and there was no overlap in corrected standard ellipse area (SEAc) in the two years. Due to the pressure of intraspecific and interspecific competition, it was found that there was a phenomenon of nutritional niche differentiation in the process of ontogeny and different time periods, so as to maintain species coexistence and maintain the stability of food web structure. Exploring the adaptive ability of species to the utilization of bait resources and the ecological environment has scientific significance for investigating the structural pattern and stability mechanism of marine food web. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献