Напряженное состояние в контакте колеса и рельса при наличии скольжения и сцепления

Abstract

Objective: Predicting the stress-strain state of a wheel or rail during their interaction depending on the normal pressure. Methods: The study of the stress-strain state in the car wheel and in its contact with the rail using the finite element method with all possible combinations of loading factors and taking into account the influence of temperature, dynamic influences, contact parameters, fatigue phenomena and the forces of interaction between the wheel and the rail are calculated, determining the stress state of the wheel, wear and deterioration of the contact surfaces and, as a consequence, the reliability of the carriage and traffic safety. Results: The effect of tangential loads on the stress-strain state when there is sliding in the wheel-rail contact zone was evaluated. The parameters of dangerous stresses are given depending on the axial load. Experimental and theoretical approaches to determining the stress-strain state of contacting elements in the presence of both slip and adhesion in the wheel-rail contact are shown. The components of the stress tensor are obtained depending on the contact pressure according to the calculation formulas. Diagrams of the distribution of shear stresses in the contact of the wheel with the rail in the presence of a zone of adhesion and sliding are made. The intensity of the stress state change in the wheel-rail contact is calculated. Practical importance: The results obtained show how the slip and adhesion zones affect the stress state in the contact zone in comparison with full slip. They are useful from the point of view of predicting the stress-strain state of a wheel or rail during their interaction depending on the normal pressure.