Abstract
Polyhydroxy fullerenes – fullerenols with various contents of hydroxyl groups – C 60 (OH) 12-14 , C 60 (OH) 18-24 , and C 60 (OH) 30-38 have been synthesized. The first is insoluble in water and exhibits no biological activity when introduced into cell cultures in the form of a suspension. The two other variants of fullerenol possess a broad spectrum of antiviral activity in vitro against actual strains of human influenza virus A(H1N1) and A(H3N2), avian influenza A(H5N1), human herpes simplex virus, adenovirus, and respiratory-syncitial virus. Water-soluble variants of fullerenol were non-toxic in vitro towards human and animal cells of various tissue origins. Besides the antiviral activity, fullerenols demonstrated a protective effect against UVA-induced phototoxicity. The maximum overall biological activity for all test indices was found in fullerenol variant C 60 (OH) 18-24 . Water-soluble biologically active variants of fullerenol can be useful in pharmacology, since they could serve as a basis for new effective and non-toxic antiviral and cytoprotective formulations.
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