Методы пороговой криптографии для защиты облачных вычислений

Abstract

Information security in cloud computing technology is actively investigated by the world scientific community. They uses the internet and the central remote servers to provide and maintain data as well as applications. This users' data files can be accessed and manipulated by any other users. So the problem of secure data storage and computation is actual. The modern studies in this field shows that the indicated problem is much more complex than any of the other information security problems, which are solved by well-known cryptographic methods. So, for example M. van Dijk and A. Juels in the paper "On the impossibility of cryptography alone for privacy-preserving cloud computing" described a mathematical model of the organization of cloud computing and proved that in the case of two users information protection is impossible. This result refutes the well-established point of view that the recently proposed by C. Gentry construction for fully homomorphic encryption solves at least theoretically, all the problems of information security in cloud computing. We offer an alternative model of cloud computing, in which the specified negative result does not holds. It differs from the above in the point that each subject interested in privacy, creates his own crypto server. From the point of view of users these cryptoservers are the part of the cloud. The methods of information protection, using threshold cryptosystem in this new model are investigated.