ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ БАНКІВ УКРАЇНИ: ЗАКОНОДАВЧЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ

Abstract

The article evaluates the investment activity of Ukrainian banks. The authors define the essence of the concept of the bank investment activity; two approaches to the interpretation of this concept in domestic researches are distinguished. The inexpediency of assigning an investment loan to the bank's investment activity is substantiated; it is proposed to consider it in terms of the formation of the investment portfolio of the bank. The reform of the stock market of Ukraine as a factor in the development ofbank investment activity is considered. The dynamics of the structure of the loan and investment portfolio and the structure of the investment portfolio of Ukrainian banks in 2005–2021 was analyzed.Since 2011, the proportion of investment portfolios in credit investment portfolios has gradually increased and reached 16% by the beginning of 2015. The share of Ukrainian banks' investment portfolio increased dramatically in 2016: at the beginning of 2016 – 21%, at the end of 2016 – it had reached 41%. However, at the beginning of 2021 the share of the investment portfolio increased to 45%, which shows the growing interest of banks in stock market operations and the expansion of investment activities of banks.The current restrictions on investment activities by Ukrainian banks are considered. The main factors restricting the investment activities of domestic banks have been identified, including the underdeveloped stock market. Due to changes in the government's monetary policy and the introduction of the currency liberalization system, the world stock market is open to securities investments by Ukrainian banks.Therefore, on the one hand, the weakening of currency regulation has opened up access to the world stock market for Ukrainian residents, and vice versa-the domestic financial market. For domestic banks, this is an opportunity to develop and implement a new service for their clients, namely the opportunity to buy/sell securities on the global stock market.The analysis of NBU regulation 64 "On approval of Provision on organization of risk management system in banks of Ukraine and bank groups", which is directed on regulation of risks by banks, has been carried out. It is concluded that in order to have a positive impact on the country's economy, the state should stimulate the development of stock markets, including through the participation of banks as major participants in the domestic stock market.