ОЦЕНКА СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ РЫБНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ: СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР И АНАЛИЗ СИТУАЦИИ

Abstract

Fisheries in the Russian Federation is an economical sector that includes a complex of different activities ranging from forecasting the resource base of the industry to trading in fish products in the country and abroad. Fish industry in Russia has been rapidly developing, yet there can be outlined a number of factors impeding development of the industry. According to official statistic figures, the main source of fish products is live fish, fresh or chilled, which today is steadily decreasing (within 2010-2015 to 221. 000 t). Releasing juveniles of aquatic biological resources is also being gradually reduced (by 1082 mln species for the last 5 years). Against this background, there takes place the rise of fish exports to the CIS countries and far abroad, as well as sharp decline in fish import, which, in turn, leads to a decrease of fish products on the shop shelves in Russia. It has been stated that the main problems in the fish industry are the result of fishery ineffectiveness (great wear rate of fixed assets, operation of obsolete vessels, reducing the release of juveniles of aquatic biological resources), as well as of technological imperfection of fish processing industry. The article considers different ways of governmental support to businesses of aquaculture and fish processing, as well as promoting development of multiformat infrastructure and fisheries trade using the Murmansk region as an example. Improvement of the situation in fishing industry is expected due to fleet modernization, developing innovation technologies, reducing power intension, business subsidizing, organizing recreational and sport fisheries.