참나무류와 리기다소나무 간벌재를 이용한 목질 조사료 제조 및 사료가치 평가

Abstract

참나무류와 리기다소나무 간벌재 칩을 사용하여 각각 60, 90, 120분 동안 증기 가열(증해) 처리하여 조사료를 제조하고 정유 함량을 비교하였다. 두 수종 모두 증해 처리 시간이 증가됨에 따라 정유 함량이 감소하였으며, 90분과 120분 처리했을 때 <TEX>$0.1m{\ell}/kg$</TEX> 이하의 정유 함량을 보였다. 90분 증해 처리하여 제조된 조사료의 사료로써의 가치를 화학성분 조성, NRC (National Research Counsil) 모델링, 반추위 소화율, 영양성분 대비 상대적 경제 가치 분석을 통해 평가하였다. 참나무류 조사료의 DM (dry matter; 건물), CP (crude protein; 조단백), EE (ether extract; 조지방), NDF (neutral detergent fiber; 중성세제섬유소), ADF (acid detergent fiber; 산성세제섬유소), ADL (acid detergent lignin; 산성세제리그닌), NFC (nonfiber carbohydrate; 비섬유소탄수화물) 함량은 각각 95.4, 1.36, 3.11, 90.05, 83.85, 17.33, 6.50 %로 측정되었고, 리기다소나무 조사료는 각각 94.37, 1.33, 5.48, 87.89, 86.88, 30.56, 6.32%로 측정되었다. NRC 모델링을 이용한 영양평가에서는 참나무류 조사료가 TDN (total digestible nutrient) 40.55%, DE (digestible energy) 1.79 Mcal/kg이었고 리기다소나무 조사료가 TDN 31.22%, DE 1.38 Mcal/kg으로 나타나 참나무류 조사료가 더 높은 영양가를 가진 것으로 사료되었다. 반추위 내 건물소화율은 참나무류 조사료(18.07%)가 리기다소나무 조사료(10.02%)보다 높았다. 영양성분 대비 상대적 경제 가치는 참나무류 조사료는 235원, 리기다소나무 조사료는 210원으로 나타났다. The objective of this study was to manufacture the wood based roughage using lumber from thinning of oak and pitch pine (Pinus rigida). And the study also aimed to investigate a feed value evaluation of wood based roughages. To investigate the optimization condition of steam-digestion treatment for roughage, the wood chips of oak and pitch pine were steam-digestion treated at <TEX>$160^{\circ}C$</TEX> under pressure 6 atm depending on treatment times (60 min, 90 min and 120 min) followed by the content of essential oils analyzed. The essential oil content of steam-digestion treated roughages for 90 min and 120 min were under 0.1 mL/kg. The evaluation of feed value was carried out from steam-digestion treated roughages for 90 min through feed chemical composition analysis, NRC (National research Council) modeling, ruminal degradability analysis and relative economic value analysis. The feed chemical compositions including DM (dry mater), CP (crude protein), EE (ether extract), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), ADF (acid detergent fiber), ADL (acid detergent lignin), NFC (nonfiber carbohydrate) in oak roughage were 95.4, 1.36, 3.11, 90.05, 83.85, 17.33, 6.50%, respectively, and in pitch pine roughage were 94.37, 1.33, 5.48, 87.89, 86.88, 30.56, 6.32%, respectively. Both roughages showed low level of protein and very high level of NDF. The TDN (total digestible nutrient) levels using NRC (2001) model in oak and pitch pine roughages were 40.55, 31.22%, respectively. The ruminal in situ dry matter degradability was higher in oak roughage (23.84%) than in pitch pine roughage (10.02%). The economic values of oak and pitch pine rough-ages were 235, and 210 \, respectively.