Транзитная экономика: теория, методология, практика: Монография

Abstract

The monograph presents the results of the development of the theory of transit Economics, building a model of contemporary trade routes (International Transport Corridor (ITC)), the formation of its innovation and industrial belts, pairing infra-structure and integration projects to ensure advanced and sustainable growth of economy of Russia and post-Soviet countries on a non-resource basis, the effective integration of transport and transit systems (TTS) States into the global transport space. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the principles of the system paradigm present-ed in the works of J. Kornai and G. Kleiner. The relevance of the study of the Institute of trade routes in the modern world due to: the extension of the Chinese initiative "Belt and road" (BIR); the development of an alternative Indian development project ITC "North – South"; the interest of many countries in implementing their TTS as the components of the existing and upcoming ITC. The state and prospects of expansion of trade and economic relations of Russia and the countries-the main participants of the global initiative "Indo–European (Norman-Aryan) trade route of the XXI century" are defined. Scientifically-based proposals for improving the ways of regulating the cyclical dynamics of the main indicators of the socio-economic situation of these countries as the basis for the formation of the cargo base of the TTS and a new evolutionary strategy of advanced development are formulated. The problems of modeling the processes of coupling and innovative development of the TTS of Russia and the countries of Central, Western and South Asia, and South Caucasus (CA, WA, SA and SC) are considered. It is shown that India's economic interest in the development of the Iranian port of Chahbehar is due, among other things, to its important role as the entry point of the North – South ITC. It contains a historical and economic description of the organization of trade, land and sea transportation of goods over long distances, the functioning of the nodal points of transit communications in Russia, CA, WA, SA and SC. Systematized and analyzed new internal and external adverse factors affecting the volume of transit transportation of goods on the territory of Russia. The main modern projects of development of TTS in the countries of CA, WA, SA and SC in connection with the implementation of global infrastructure and integration initiatives are considered. The analysis of the reasons for the significant delay in the start of regular and large-scale cargo transportation on the North – South ITC is given. It is particularly noted that the consideration of the North – South direction as an economic corridor makes it possible to build infrastructure deviations (branches) away from the original concept of the ITC, for example, towards Iraq and Syria on the territory of Iran. It is shown that from the institutional and organizational point of view it is expedient to create a supranational public-private Eurasian transport and transit company (ETTC) Tabl.: 174; Fig.: 616; Bibl.: 387 titles.