Состояние здоровья и качество жизни детей с хронической диареей

Abstract

The purpose — to comprehensively assess the health status of children and adolescents with chronic diarrhea and the impact of chronic diarrhea on quality of life indicators. Material and methods. 466 children were examined. The main group consisted of 240 children with chronic diarrhea aged from 1 month to 18 years (average age 7.3 ± 5.3 years). The comparison group consisted of 226 children of health groups 1-2 without chronic diarrhea (average age 6.9 ± 4.6 years). The exclusion criteria were newborn period, children with chronic pathology during decompensation period, severe somatic pathology. Clinical and anamnestic research methods were used: parents’ questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, system analysis of the child’s medical documentation, general clinical research methods. The quality of life was assessed in children over 2 years of age using the PedsQL4.0™ general questionnaire. Results. Children with chronic diarrhea are 3 times more likely to have allergic pathology, significantly more likely to develop deficient conditions — rickets and latent iron deficiency. When analyzing the degree of resistance in the study groups, it was revealed that children with chronic diarrhea are significantly more likely to have lower body resistance indicators. When assessing the state of the colon microflora, it was found that an excessive growth of opportunistic flora is much more common among the children of the main group. It was also found that children with chronic diarrhea at an early age are most susceptible to a decrease in body mass index. Children of the main group have low indicators of quality of life in terms of physical functioning and experience difficulties in the social sphere in the form of low communication with peers and a decrease in school performance. Conclusion. Children suffering from chronic diarrhea under dispensary supervision need additional correction of trace elements, nutritional support and prevention of acute respiratory diseases. It is important to assess the physical development of children suffering from chronic diarrhea more often for timely diagnosis of abnormalities.