О ВЕРОЯТНОСТНОМ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ОБЪЕКТА ТЕХНОСФЕРЫ ПРИ ОПАСНЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ

Abstract

The subject of research is the process associated with determining the reliability parameter of buildings (structures) for their further operation in the technological process, causing effects in the form of additional loads (explosions, fires, vibration processes). The solution of such problems is relevant for the buildings (structures) acquired (rented) by the owner for further operation in the production process, in the technology of which fire and explosion hazardous substances (materials) are handled, stored or processed. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach that allows one to determine the parameter of the reliability of a building (structure) for operation under additional loads. To determine the indicators of safe permissible states of buildings (structures), the use of various criterion characteristics included in the content of deterministic, statistical and probabilistic approaches is given. A feature of assessing the reliability of buildings (structures) for their operation under additional loads (explosions, fires, vibration processes) is to determine the indicator of a given margin of safety and its stability under possible realized impacts. To solve the problem, it is proposed to use a simplified assessment of the safety margin of a building (structure) in terms of yield strength (for steel elements) and strength (for base materials, load-bearing walls, partitions and ceilings) corresponding to the maximum permissible values for their destruction. A consistent theoretical description of the formulas is presented, which makes it possible to establish a relationship between the safety margin of a building (structure) and the probability of its destruction under the implemented influences. An innovative approach is described that allows solving problems of assessing the strength reliability of structural elements of buildings (structures), when it is important to obtain guaranteed characteristics of an indicator of a given safety margin, its resistance to possible realized influences (explosions, fires, vibration processes). The use of the material in order to determine the reliability indicators based on risks allows us to consider the calculated values of the safety margin of a building (structure), which meets the established requirements for assessing efficiency from the point of view of the theory and practice of operations research.