ОЦЕНКА ВОДНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ТЕРРИТОРИЙ СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА И ЕГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В ЦЕЛЯХ МЕЛИОРАЦИИ ЗЕМЕЛЬ

Abstract

Purpose: to assess the territory water potential and the efficiency of its actual use for determining the additional water withdrawal volume required for irrigation of under-irrigated serviced irrigation areas. Materials and methods. The assessment of water resources use and distribution was carried out on the basis of actual data obtained from the land reclamation departments for the period 2016–2020. Changes in the area of actually irrigated lands and data on the planned and actual water withdrawal in general and for irrigation were analyzed. Results. An analysis of the summary indicators of water withdrawal quotas and water resources distribution volumes between water management complex institutions was made. A comparison of water resources supply for all needs and for irrigation with the actual irrigation area was made. In 2020, the total water intake amounted to 6.5 cubic km of water. The total water supply from this volume to reclamation systems for all needs amounted to 4.56 cubic km (70 %), and losses – 1.96 cubic km (30 %). 493.7 thousand hectares, which is 51 % of the actually serviced irrigation areas were irrigated. It was determined that for providing the actually serviced irrigation area, it is necessary to supply additional 1.8 cubic km of water for irrigation. Taking into account transportation losses of 30 %, the water volume taken from natural water sources will be 2.3 cubic km, and the total water intake volume is 8.8 cubic km. That is, it is necessary to increase the total water withdrawal by 26 %. Conclusions. According to the results of the studies, the additional water withdrawal required for irrigation of under-irrigated serviced irrigation areas is 2330 million cubic meters, which is 35.7 % of the actual water intake for 2020. When the irrigated land area is brought up to the design values, the shortage of water resources (198.2 million cubic meters) will be observed only in the Chechen Republic.