Abstract
Within the framework of the semantic-cognitive approach, verbs of passive perception in the Khakas language are considered, situational-structural models characteristic for them are determined. It was discovered that 3 basic verbs with the corresponding passive affixes can represent passive perception: кöрін- 'to look; to be seen'; истіл- 'to be heard', ичыстан- 'to smell; to stink'. The analysis revealed specific semantic features of these passive verbs, including those of active perception. Six situative-structural models were found: 1) direct passive perception of the reality; 2) passive perception as a memory of a situation, event or phenomenon; 3) passive perception of an object as an imaginative situation or phenomenon; 4) passive perception of an object in the presence of characteristic details; 5) passive perception of an object through situational and process-related factors present in the subject's consciousness; 6) vague (or inadequate) perception of reality due to physiological or psychic violations in the subject. The passive voice forms can also express active perception of an object when they describe extreme or unexpected situations. Negative perceptual judgment in verb semantics neutralizes passive perception as well.
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