保守求生：論道家身體轉向及其比較文化實踐 “入法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然”－老子《道德經》 “宇宙在乎手，掌握之中，萬物生乎身”－黃帝《陰符經》

Abstract

Of special interest on the turn to spiritualization of body, this paper devotes to the establishment of Taoism body via neidan shue (内丹学). In order to transcend the houtian 后天 and return to the xiantian (先天) for obtaining the original nature of human being, the Taoism body combines three kinds of practical methods: alchemical diet (waidan 外丹), ars erotica (房中术) and spiritual meditation (neidan 内丹). In this paper, the author raises the concept of Duality of Taoism Body for demonstrating the possibility and limitation of the great transformation in the light of juotain tu (周天圖) xieujeng tu (修真圖) and neijing tu (內經圖). In advance, the article explores the problem of social body which causes the turbulence of practicing Taoism body in contemporary society. To highlight the importance of Chinese Taoism body, the paper compares and criticizes the Western-centralism body view, such as Michel Foucault's point, and explores the Oriental way of body practice, the Yuan phenomenon (圓現象) practice of Taoism body. In conclusion, the cultural hero's oriental body practice leads a road to the possibility of conservative for living inside the body and contribution to the real world as a spiritual flâneur looking for the absolute freedom.