부모와 초등학생의 자아존중감, 스마트폰 의존도, 공격성, 삶의 만족도 간 구조적 관계

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the actor and partner effects of parent-child's self-esteem on smartphone dependency, and to examine the structural relationships among parent-child's self-esteem, smartphone dependency with child’s aggression and life satisfaction. Methods The data on a total of 2,072 pairs of a child(4th-6th grade in an elementary school) and their parents from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 was utilized as the research material and analysis was conducted based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model(APIM). Structural Equation Model(SEM) with ML and item parceling was also conducted to examine the difference in the path coefficients between the gender through multigroup path analysis. Results Results were as follows. First, self-esteem had a negative actor effect on smartphone dependency for both the parents and the child. Also, self-esteem was shown to have the parents' partner effect on smartphone dependency, but the child's partner effect was not found. Second, both the parents and the child’s self-esteem also had a negative effect on child’s aggression while smartphone dependency had a positive effect on child’s aggression. Child’s self-esteem was shown to have a positive effect on his life satisfaction, but the parents’ self-esteem was not verified its effect. In addition, both parents and child's smartphone dependency and child’s aggression mediated the effect parent-child's self-esteem had on child’s life satisfaction. Third, no significant gender differences were verified. Conclusions This study suggests that parents’ self-esteem and smartphone dependency will be used as key components of child’s life satisfaction as well as the its relevance relationships among child’s self-esteem, smartphone dependency and aggression.