Медико-демографические показатели населения старше трудоспособного возраста в условиях пенсионной реформы в Российской Федерации

Abstract

Purpose of the study. Based on the study of medical and demographic indicators and analysis of the incidence of the population, develop recommendations for the health protection of the population older than working age in the context of the transition to pension reform. Materials and methods: sociological, statistical, direct observation. The materials of the Federal State Statistics Service and statistical materials of the TsNIIOIZ of the Ministry of Health of Russia for 2012–2021 were used. Results. The mortality rate of the population older than working age in the Russian Federation (2020) amounted to 4408,1‰oo, the total population – 1460,2‰oo, in the federal districts of the Russian Federation the indicators fluctuated 1,2 times: from 3818,7‰oo in the North- Caucasian Federal District to 4638,6‰oo in the Volga Federal District, in the subjects of the Russian Federation the difference is 3 times. The indicator of primary morbidity of the studied contingent in the Russian Federation (2020) was 57041,4‰oo, in the Federal District the difference in indicators is 1,25 times, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation – 3,9 times. The incidence of COVID‑19 in 2020 was 4373,9‰oo, in the Federal District the difference in indicators is 2,2 times, in the subjects of the Russian Federation it is large – 10,6 times, which allows us to conclude that the coding of COVID‑19 is ambiguous. Comparative analysis of the primary incidence of the study population by disease classes in 2019 and 2020 showed an increase in the indicator by 8,9% due to respiratory diseases by 40,8%, the incidence of COVID‑19 in 2020 was 4357,6‰oo. In all other classes, the indicators decreased as a result of a decrease in dispensary and preventive work. During the period of analysis in people older than working age, the increase in the primary morbidity rate is higher – 8,9% than in the total population – 5,7%, which indicates the need to strengthen dispensary and preventive work with the older population. The article gives recommendations on the health protection of the population older than working age.