СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ КАПИТАЛ ПРИЕМНОЙ СЕМЬИ КАК ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЖИЗНЕОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПОЖИЛЫХ ЛЮДЕЙ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БАШКОРТОСТАН

Abstract

The article discusses an innovative and effective form of housing for the elderly and disabled in a foster family in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The experience of organizing a foster or substitute family is developed in a number of European countries and the USA. It has been established that this technology provides an elderly person with the necessary care and living conditions, leisure activities, psychological support, and for a foster family - additional financial support, especially in conditions of declining living standards and impoverishment of the population. The creation of the institution of a foster family for the elderly as an innovative form of their life arrangement will significantly improve the quality of life of older citizens, change their “social well-being”, relieve them of the problem of loneliness, strengthen the connection between generations, and contribute to the development of the family institution. In Russia, in order to solve the problems of older people, in 2004, the project "Foster Families for Elderly and Disabled Citizens" was launched. The mission of this project is to organize public support, help with household chores, and provide social and psychological services to lonely needy citizens. Particular attention deserves the peculiarities of organizing foster families for the elderly and disabled in the regions of the Russian Federation. Most of the regions supported the initiative of the project and many of them have their own experience in implementing this social technology. Each subject has its own characteristics and differences in the creation of foster families for the elderly, which is associated with the presence of its own legislative framework for the implementation of this project. The Republic of Bashkortostan has its own positive experience in the implementation of the designated social program. Social services provided by stationary and semi-residential social service institutions will not be able to replace the usual home family care for the elderly. It is possible that in the future the foster family model will replace special stationary social service institutions for the elderly. The solution of social, social, psychological and other problems of the elderly requires more active participation of the potential of the family institution, a constant search for effective forms and technologies of social services.