Ефективність біологізованої технології вирощування картоплі за краплинного зрошення в умовах Півдня України

Abstract

Goal. To study the effectiveness of a set of methods of biologized potato growing technology in the conditions of drip irrigation in the South of Ukraine to minimize the use of mineral fertilizers, chemical plant protection products, and obtain environmentally friendly products. Methods. Laboratory field — to determine yields; mathematical and statistical — to assess the reliability of the results; calculation and comparison — to determine economic efficiency. Results. The results of researches on the efficiency of biological technology of cultivation of potatoes in the conditions of irrigation in the South of Ukraine are submitted for consideration. It was found that potato grown on green manure legume mixture provided 3.06 t/ha, or 16.7% higher yield of tubers than black fallow. With the use of the generally accepted technology of growing potato with the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products, the highest yield of tubers was: for fallow — 22.30 t/ha, for green manure — 23.85 t/ha. Technologies using organic nutrition and plant protection led to a decrease in tuber yield by 6.1–6.96 t/ha. Biological technology of potato cultivation provided a much higher conditional net profit (186.82–232.62 thousand UAH/ha) than the generally accepted (85.75–99.45 thousand UAH/ha) due to the higher selling price of organic products. Conclusions. The highest conditional net profit — 232.62 thousand UAH/ha and the highest profitability of production — 190.1% was provided by the technology of growing potato with the use of biological nutrition and biological plant protection on the background of green manure.