МІЖНАРОДНА МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ ФАКТОРІВ ВИРОБНИЦТВА В КОНТЕКСТІ ПОВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The international mobility of production factors is a necessary precondition for post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy. Without attracting production factors from abroad, it will be difficult to return to pre-war production levels in short terms and restore export potential. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory, the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson theorem of factor price equalization, and the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek model of factor trade in services may become the theoretical basis for developing a macroeconomic program for post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy. However, there is a problem of evaluating production factors, as their physical measurements are difficult to convert into cost ones due to the impossibility of achieving complete homogeneity. The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities and conditions of attracting production factors from abroad for post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy. To achieve this, the following objectives should be performed: 1) generalize the theoretical basis of international mobility of production factors; 2) develop a method for evaluating production factors and their level of international mobility; 3) establish criteria for assessing the feasibility of involvement foreign production factors. The used research methods are theoretical generalization, analysis (for regulation of international mobility of production factors), statistical analysis of indicators for evaluating physical and monetary parameters of production factors, their homogeneity, productivity, efficiency of management, and international mobility. Generalizing the theoretical basis of production factors’ mobility makes possible to form, in general terms, a method for evaluating their cost and level of international mobility. The research results prove the necessity of step-by-step attraction of foreign capital to different sectors of the economy and the cre- ation of conditions for re-immigration of the population of Ukraine. If labor resources increased, it is possible to involve foreign labor. A developed model for evaluating production factors considers their level of international mobility and establishes links with macroeconomic indicators. In the model ratios that measure the productivity of production factors, their capacity in final production, consumption, exports, imports, and their level of relative shortage (surplus) are used. A promising direction for further research is the formation and empirical testing of specific econometric models for the optimal distribution of available, developed, and imported production factors among the sectors of the national economy in order to maximize export potential.