ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЖИТЛОВО-КОМУНАЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА

Abstract

In the article the authors investigated the current trends in the functioning of the enterprises of housing and communal services. It is defined that now housing and communal enterprises are in rather difficult financial and economic situation which is characterized by high level of their unprofitability. It is established that the main sources of financing remain own funds, allocations from the state and local budgets. The dynamics of expenditures of the state and local budgets for the maintenance of housing and communal services is analyzed, which allowed determining the discrepancy between the planned and actual funding and reducing their size. A set of factors causing the emergence of the crisis state of the enterprises of housing and communal services is revealed. Among the main reasons for the emergence of such a situation are the reduction in the volume of budget financing of the industry, the mismatch of tariffs for housing and communal services and the level of actual expenses, the accumulation of debt obligations to housing and communal services due to the uneven payment of housing and communal services by the population, imperfection and inconsistency of the national legislation in the sphere of housing and communal services at the state and local levels, political speculation and financial fraud in the sphere of housing and communal services, deterioration of the material and technical base of housing and communal services, including critical obsolescence and high energy intensity of equipment. The scientific approaches to the formation of financial and investment basis for the functioning of enterprises of housing and communal services are considered. The author systematized tools for investment development, among which: state subsidies and subventions; budget financing; concession contracts; preferential taxation; factoring; leasing; credit resources; grant funds; private investments; venture financing; public-private partnership; public-private partnership; external loans under programs of international organizations; restructuring of credit debt; joint financing of investment projects, etc.