Європейська політика сусідства: моделі інтеграції (публікується англійською мовою)

Abstract

The article analyzes the so-called European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) and on its basis revealed some models of EU integration. The urgency and the main reason for the emergence of the ENP were dictated by the large-scale EU expansion, the circumstances surrounding the new EU border, the challenges and threats that have arisen in the modern world. In addition, new conflicts have arisen around the EU border, including international ones, which had to be resolved, which was a relatively new area in EU policy. The development of the ENP has given new impetus to the efforts of European institutions aimed at managing or resolving conflicts, including in the territory of the former USSR states. However, as practice has shown, by 2009 the existing ENP, primarily in the field of security, was not designed to resolve these issues, either institutionally, or financially. Gradually, the importance of resolving conflicts within the ENP began to increase, and there was a need to develop it in all areas on new platforms and in new conditions. Later the Eastern Dimension of the ENP was supplemented by the so-called Eastern Partnership policy. After the financial and economic crisis, the military Georgian-Russian conflict and the escalation of conflicts in other regions, the European Union sought to comprehensively intensify relations with neighboring countries that underwent systemic changes and by the middle of 2010 the EU began a strategic review of the ENP. The turbulent events of the “Arab Spring” and subsequent events in Ukraine have confirmed the relevance and timeliness of such a review of the ENP. The European Union thus sought to intensify cooperation with neighboring and more distant countries in all areas. The European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) after 2010 is a new approach of the European Union to neighboring countries with the aim of strengthening relations, cooperation to create a security and welfare zone, formation a “ring of friendly countries” on their borders. The ENP is also intended to provide the EU neighboring countries with an opportunity for closer cooperation in the field of politics, security, economy and culture on new norms and standards. Therefore, we need the research of scientists and specialists in the direction of systematization of knowledge about the ENP.